What to do if in-stent restenosis occurs
In recent years, as the incidence of cardiovascular disease has increased year by year, in-stent restenosis (ISR) has become a focus of concern for patients and doctors. In-stent restenosis refers to the re-stenosis of blood vessels after coronary stent implantation, which seriously affects the patient's prognosis and quality of life. This article will combine the hot topics and hot content on the Internet in the past 10 days to provide you with a detailed analysis of the strategies to deal with in-stent restenosis.
1. Causes of in-stent restenosis
The occurrence of in-stent restenosis is related to many factors, including the following aspects:
| Reason | Specific instructions |
|---|---|
| endothelial proliferation | After stent implantation, vascular endothelial cells proliferate excessively, leading to lumen stenosis. |
| thrombosis | Thrombosis forms on the stent surface, further aggravating stenosis. |
| Improper selection of brackets | The size or type of stent does not match the blood vessel, increasing the risk of restenosis. |
| patient factors | Basic diseases such as diabetes, hypertension, and hyperlipidemia are not under control. |
2. Preventive measures for in-stent restenosis
Preventing in-stent restenosis is key. The following measures can effectively reduce the incidence of restenosis:
| Precautions | Specific methods |
|---|---|
| Standardized medication | Take antiplatelet drugs (such as aspirin, clopidogrel) strictly as directed by your doctor. |
| Control underlying diseases | Actively treat diabetes, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, etc. |
| healthy lifestyle | Stop smoking, limit alcohol consumption, eat a low-salt and low-fat diet, and exercise moderately. |
| Regular review | Coronary angiography or CT examinations were performed regularly after surgery. |
3. Treatment methods for in-stent restenosis
Once in-stent restenosis occurs, treatment measures should be taken promptly. The following are currently commonly used treatments:
| Treatment | Specific instructions |
|---|---|
| drug balloon dilatation | The balloon dilates the stricture and releases anti-proliferative drugs. |
| Re-stent implantation | Implantation of new stents, especially drug-coated stents, at the site of stenosis. |
| rotational coronary atherectomy | The hyperplastic tissue is removed through a rotational burr to restore blood flow. |
| surgical bypass surgery | In complex cases, bypass surgery may be necessary. |
4. Latest research progress
Recently, a number of studies on in-stent restenosis have become hot topics. The following are some of the research results:
| Research content | Main findings |
|---|---|
| bioabsorbable scaffold | New bioresorbable stents may reduce the risk of restenosis, but long-term effects remain to be seen. |
| gene therapy | Preliminary studies show good prospects for inhibiting vascular endothelial proliferation through gene editing technology. |
| Nano drug carrier | Nanotechnology targets the delivery of antiproliferative drugs and reduces systemic side effects. |
5. Answers to Frequently Asked Questions by Patients
We have compiled the following answers to the hot issues that patients are concerned about:
| question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Can in-stent restenosis be prevented? | Risks can be significantly reduced by standardizing medication, controlling underlying diseases, and living a healthy lifestyle. |
| Does in-stent restenosis require re-operation? | Depending on the severity and symptoms of the stenosis, the doctor will evaluate whether re-intervention is needed. |
| Is the recurrence rate of in-stent restenosis high? | With technological advancement and drug development, the recurrence rate has dropped significantly, but close follow-up is still needed. |
6. Summary
In-stent restenosis is a common complication after coronary intervention, but it can be effectively controlled through standardized prevention and timely treatment. Patients should actively cooperate with doctors for treatment, maintain good living habits, and undergo regular review to reduce the risk of restenosis. With the advancement of medical technology, more innovative methods will be applied to the prevention and treatment of in-stent restenosis in the future.
If you or your family are facing the problem of in-stent restenosis, it is recommended to consult a cardiovascular specialist in time to develop a personalized treatment plan.
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